This comprehensive list of attractions and activities in the Sacred Valley of the Incas will help you plan your visit to this stunning region, an essential part of any Peruvian itinerary.
Located in the Andes Mountains, the Sacred Valley boasts undeniable scenic beauty and unique climatic conditions. This valley was highly significant to the Incas due to its fertile lands, making a visit synonymous with discovering impressive archaeological sites, charming villages, and cultures that predate the colonial era.
Geographical Location
The Sacred Valley lies northeast of Cusco, situated between elevations of 2,000 to 2,800 meters above sea level. It stretches between the towns of Pisac and Ollantaytambo, running parallel to the Vilcanota River. This positioning makes the valley easily accessible from Cusco.
During our exploration of Peru, we had the privilege of visiting most of the Sacred Valley’s key attractions. Based on our experience, exploring the Sacred Valley was one of the highlights of our trip and a must-do for anyone visiting Cusco. Below, we detail the main sites to see, the best excursions, tips for independent travel, accommodation options, and additional advice derived from our journey.
1. Moray
Located 38 kilometers from Cusco, Moray is one of the most fascinating sites to visit in the Sacred Valley. This ancient Incan agricultural research center features circular terraces at varying heights, creating diverse microclimates. These terraces allowed the Incas to determine optimal conditions for different crops, enhancing their agricultural techniques in the Urubamba Valley and across the empire.
Moray is also believed to have served as an amphitheater for certain celebrations or rituals. Today, the Moray Raymi festival is held here every October 8th to honor the Sun God for a bountiful harvest.
2. Maras Salt Mines (Salineras de Maras)
Situated just 7 kilometers from Moray, the Maras Salt Mines are a must-see attraction in the Sacred Valley. This site consists of approximately 3,000 salt ponds, each covering about 5 square meters. These picturesque salt flats are fed by a natural spring located at a higher elevation. As the water evaporates, salt crystallizes and is harvested by the local families who work cooperatively to sell it for culinary and cosmetic uses.
Known as “the white gold of the Andes,” Maras salt contains 84 different minerals, making it highly sought after. Visitors can purchase pink salt souvenirs directly from the salt ponds, often at better prices than in nearby towns or other parts of the valley.
3. Chinchero
Among the many charming villages in the Sacred Valley, Chinchero stands out as a favorite. Located at 3,754 meters above sea level, it is one of the highest villages in the valley. Chinchero is renowned for its narrow, cobblestone streets lined with white adobe houses, creating a picturesque setting.
Chinchero is famous for its textile industry, producing wool from llamas, sheep, and alpacas. Numerous workshops offer visitors a glimpse into the traditional artisanal processes. On Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Sundays, the village hosts a larger market where you can purchase beautiful handmade bags, blankets, sweaters, and rugs.
Additionally, the archaeological park of Chinchero showcases the remnants of the ancient residence and palaces of Inca Tupac Yupanqui, son and successor of Inca Pachacuti. The site also features ancient agricultural terraces. Interestingly, the Incas believed that Chinchero was the birthplace of the rainbow.
Above the remains of the Inca palace stands one of the most beautiful churches in the Sacred Valley: the Church of Chinchero (Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Natividad). Dating back to the 17th century, the church boasts stunning frescoes created by artists from the Cusco school.
4. Pisac Ruins and Market
Competing with Machu Picchu in terms of beauty, the Pisac Ruins are among the most impressive archaeological sites in the Sacred Valley. The Inca citadel, which resembles the shape of a partridge, derives its name from the Quechua word “pisaca,” referring to this bird.
Situated at an elevation of 3,300 meters, the complex was constructed during the reign of Inca Pachacuti in the 15th century. The site is expansive, featuring terraced agricultural platforms, walls, tunnels, towers, plazas, the foundations of several suspension bridges, an Inca cemetery, fountains, ceremonial baths, and the famous Intihuana (Temple of the Sun), which served as an astronomical observatory.
The best way to explore the Pisac Ruins is by taking a taxi to the upper part of the site, costing around 25 to 30 soles. The ascent covers approximately 4 kilometers, followed by a leisurely descent through the archaeological grounds, which typically takes about 4 hours.
For an enhanced experience, plan your visit on a Sunday when the traditional market is held in the central plaza. While the market has become a popular tourist attraction, it retains a lively atmosphere where you can purchase local crafts. On Tuesdays and Thursdays, smaller markets are also available. For a more vibrant experience, visiting the ruins before the market begins is recommended. Outside of market days, the site still hosts daily craft markets.
5. Ollantaytambo
Ollantaytambo, located 61 kilometers from Cusco, marks the southern end of the Sacred Valley. This charming town is characterized by its narrow streets and well-preserved Inca architecture. The main highlight of Ollantaytambo is its impressive archaeological site, which includes massive stone terraces, temples, and fortifications.
Built during the reign of Pachacuti (1438-1471), Ollantaytambo served as the residence of Manco Inca Yupanqui, an important military, religious, and agricultural center. During the Spanish conquest, it was a key battleground where Inca forces successfully resisted Pizarro’s troops, forcing them to retreat.
The Ollantaytambo archaeological site, also known as the “Fortress,” is renowned for its enormous stone walls and the well-preserved Temple of the Sun, the Bath of the Ñusta, and the extensive terraced platforms. For those with extra time, a visit to Pinkuylluna, a set of Inca storage deposits for maize, coca, and potatoes located on the mountain, is highly recommended. The hike to Pinkuylluna takes about 20 to 30 minutes and rewards visitors with stunning panoramic views of Ollantaytambo and the surrounding ruins.
Additionally, Ollantaytambo serves as the departure point for trains to Machu Picchu, providing the fastest route to Peru’s most iconic landmark.
6. Villages to Visit in the Sacred Valley
While the previously mentioned sites are essential, the Sacred Valley is also home to numerous charming villages where you can experience the daily life of locals and enjoy scenic views from comfortable hotels. Some of the most interesting villages include:
Yucay
Yucay is known for its warm, temperate climate and fertile lands, which made it a residence for several Inca rulers. The village features colonial palaces and temples, beautiful views of the Chicón and Illihuaman snow-capped peaks, and ancient Inca terraces.
Calca
Calca is a picturesque village offering views of the Pitusiray and Sawasiray snow-capped mountains. From Calca, visitors can explore the thermal baths of Machacancha and the medicinal waters of Minas Moqo, both of which are perfect for relaxation and rejuvenation.
Urubamba
Urubamba was a crucial agricultural center during the Inca Empire and remains one of the most important locations in the Sacred Valley today. The town boasts numerous hotels, restaurants, ceramic workshops, yoga centers, spas, and artisan shops. Nearby, the Inkariy Museum offers fascinating insights into the various pre-Hispanic societies that inhabited Peru.
Additional Tips for Exploring the Sacred Valley
- Transportation: Renting a car or using local buses are common ways to navigate the Sacred Valley. For a more relaxed experience, consider hiring a private driver or joining a guided tour.
- Accommodation: The Sacred Valley offers a range of accommodation options, from luxury resorts to budget-friendly hostels. Staying in centrally located towns like Urubamba or Ollantaytambo can provide easy access to various attractions.
- Cultural Respect: When visiting archaeological sites and local villages, respect the cultural heritage and traditions of the indigenous communities. Dress modestly and follow any guidelines provided by your guides or local authorities.
- Weather Considerations: The weather in the Sacred Valley can vary, so pack layers to accommodate both warm days and cooler evenings. Rainproof gear is advisable during the shoulder seasons.
By incorporating these sights and activities into your itinerary, you’ll gain a deeper appreciation for the rich history, stunning landscapes, and vibrant cultures that define the Sacred Valley of the Incas.
Enjoy your journey through Peru’s Sacred Valley!
